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How to prepare a statement of owner's equity

Checked for updates, April 2022. Accountingverse.com

Step 1: Gather the needed information

The Statement of Changes in Owner's Equity is prepared second to the Income Statement. We will still be using the same source of information.

Again, the most appropriate source of information in preparing financial statements would be the adjusted trial balance. Nonetheless, any report with a complete list of updated accounts may be used. We will also be using the Income Statement later in the process.

Gray Electronic Repair Services
Adjusted Trial Balance
December 31, 2021
         
Account Title   Debit   Credit
Cash   $ 7,480.00    
Accounts Receivable   3,700.00    
Service Supplies   600.00    
Furniture and Fixtures   3,000.00    
Service Equipment   16,000.00    
Accumulated Depreciation       $ 720.00
Accounts Payable       9,000.00
Utilities Payable       1,800.00
Loans Payable       12,000.00
Mr. Gray, Capital       13,200.00
Mr. Gray, Drawing   7,000.00    
Service Revenue       9,850.00
Rent Expense   1,500.00    
Salaries Expense   3,500.00    
Taxes and Licenses   370.00    
Utilities Expense   1,800.00    
Service Supplies Expense   900.00    
Depreciation Expense   720.00    
Totals   $ 46,570.00   $ 46,570.00

Step 2: Prepare the heading

Like any financial statement, the heading is made up of three lines. The first line contains the name of the company. The second line shows the title of the report. In this case, it would be Statement of Changes in Owner's Equity, Statement of Owner's Equity, or simply Statement of Changes in Equity. Any of the three would be okay.

The third line shows the period covered. The report covers a span of time, hence we use For the Year Ended, For the Quarter Ended, For the Month Ended, etc. Some annual financial statements omit the "For the Year Ended" phrase.

Gray Electronic Repair Services
Statement of Changes in Owner's Equity
For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
     

Step 3: Capital at the beginning of the period

Report the capital balance at the beginning of the period reported – or the amount at the end of the previous period. Remember that the ending balance of the last period is the beginning balance of the current period.

Gray Electronic Repair Services
Statement of Changes in Owner's Equity
For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
     
Gray, Capital - beginning $        0

Note: Since the company started in December 1, 2021, the beginning balance of the capital account is zero. In the second year of operations, an amount would already be shown in the capital's beginning balance (equal to the ending balance in the first year).

Step 4: Add additional contributions

Contributions from the owner increases capital, hence added to the capital balance.

Gray Electronic Repair Services
Statement of Changes in Owner's Equity
For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
     
Gray, Capital - beginning $        0
Add: Additional Contributions 13,200

Tip: You may need to refer to the journal to find out how much contributions were made by the owner. Other sources of information may also be used such as a log of owner's capital contributions.

Step 5: Add net income

Net income increases capital hence it is added to the beginning capital balance. Net income is equal to all revenues minus all expenses. We can also refer to the income statement we previously prepared for the amount.

Gray Electronic Repair Services
Statement of Changes in Owner's Equity
For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
     
Gray, Capital - beginning $        0
Add: Additional Contributions 13,200
Net Income 1,060

Step 6: Deduct owner's withdrawals

Withdrawals made by the owner is recorded separately from contributions. You can easily find it in the adjusted trial balance as "Owner, Drawings", "Owner, Withdrawals", or any other appropriate account. Withdrawals decrease capital, hence are deducted.

Gray Electronic Repair Services
Statement of Changes in Owner's Equity
For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
     
Gray, Capital - beginning $       0
Add: Additional Contributions 13,200
Net Income 1,060
Less: Gray, Drawings 7,000

Step 7: Compute for the ending capital balance

Compute for the balance of the capital account at the end of the period and draw the lines. One horizontal line means that a mathematical operation has been performed. Two horizontal lines (double-rule) are drawn below the final amount.

Gray Electronic Repair Services
Statement of Changes in Owner's Equity
For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
     
Gray, Capital - beginning $       0
Add: Additional Contributions 13,200
Net Income 1,060
Less: Gray, Drawings 7,000
Gray, Capital - ending $ 7,260

The ending balance here will be next period's beginning balance.

Conclusion

So there you have the preparation of a Statement of Changes in Owner's Equity. It is a report that shows the items that affect the capital or equity account. Simply, we are just presenting this formula in a formal report:

Capital, ending = Capital, beg. + Additional Contributions + Net Income - Withdrawals

where: Net Income = Income - Expenses

Key Takeaways

Preparing a statement of changes in owner's equity is easy once you understand what components affect equity capital. A sole proprietorship's capital is affected by four items: owner's contributions, owner's withdrawals, income, and expenses.

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How to prepare a statement of owner's equity (2022). Accountingverse.
https://www.accountingverse.com/accounting-basics/how-to-prepare-a-statement-of-owners-equity.html
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